纽约时报双语阅读：为什么日本保守派不愿承认慰安妇问题

今天，给大家分享的纽约时报文章，看了以后不免会让人产生一些悲伤的情绪，虽然历史不可能再次重演，但是，想想过去的那些年，许多在这场历史经历这一切的人们，真令人感到痛心和无奈，也会更加让人愤慨和怒火，然而，这一切，都需要我们从中汲取教训，在不断的成长中，保护我们自己。让我们本着英语学习的想法去看看这篇文章，唯独自己强大起来，侵害我们的势力才会褪去。。。

TOKYO — When Miki Dezaki decided to make a documentary ¹ for his graduate thesis, he examined a question that reverberates through Japanese politics: Why, 75 years later, does a small but vocal group of politically influential conservatives still fervently dispute internationally accepted accounts of Japan’s wartime atrocities ² ?
东京——当米吉·出崎（Miki Dezaki）决定拍一部纪录片作为毕业作品时，他审视了一个在日本政坛一再回响的问题：为什么75年后，一群极具政治影响力的保守派人士——一个人数不多但十分引人注目的群体——仍然在激烈驳斥已被国际社会接受的日本战时暴行叙述？文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

1. documentary

• 记录

来看一个来自华盛顿邮报的例子：文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• Last time out, documentary filmmaker Morgan Spurlock ate only fast food for a month.— Washington Post, "Morgan Spurlock takes a second bite of the fast food world," 16 Sep. 2019
• 上一次，纪录片制片人摩根·斯普洛克只吃了一个月的快餐。

2.atrocities文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• n. 暴行；凶恶，残暴

来看一个来自今日美国的例子：文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• Expanding the focus to include more recent atrocities and human rights struggles helps draw in more visitors to be reminded that the lessons from the Holocaust are still relevant.— USA TODAY, "Space dummy, Bigfoot denial, pumped-up pumpkin: News from around our 50 states," 2 Sep. 2019
• 扩大焦点，包括最近的暴行和人权斗争有助于吸引更多的游客，提醒他们，大屠杀的教训仍然是相关的。

那段不堪回首的历史

Specifically, Mr. Dezaki focused on what historians call the Imperial Army’s sexual enslavement  ³ of tens of thousands of Korean women and others in military brothels ⁴ during World War II. He explored in detail the conservatives’ case that the so-called comfort women were in fact paid prostitutes.
具体而言，出崎关注的是史学家所称的日军性奴役问题，在二战期间，来自朝鲜等国的数以万计女性沦为日本皇军的军妓。他详细研究了保守派的观点，即所谓的慰安妇实际上是有偿妓女。文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

3.enslavement文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• n. 奴役,强制

关联例子：文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• Then there were the women, enslaved and free, who offered covert or open resistance in the form of guerrilla warfare.— Brenda Wineapple, The New Republic, "Who wrote women out of Civil War history?," 16 Aug. 2019
• 还有被奴役和自由的妇女，她们以游击战争的形式进行秘密或公开的抵抗。

4.brothels文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• n. 妓院

来看一个来自纽约客杂志的例子：文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

• This year, there was also the pirate Jean Lafitte and the madam Josie Arlington, who ran a brothel in Storyville.— Sarah M. Broom, The New Yorker, "Who Stays Gone, and Who Can Afford to Return," 12 Aug. 2019
• 今年，还有海盗吉恩·拉菲特和乔西·阿灵顿夫人，他们在斯托里维尔经营一家妓院。

Ultimately, Mr. Dezaki was unpersuaded — he concluded that the conservatives were “revisionists,” and used terms like “racism” and “sexism” to characterize some of their claims ⁵ . Now, five of them are suing him for defamation.
最终，出崎没有被说服——他得出结论，保守派是“历史修正主义者”，并使用“种族主义”和“性别歧视”等词来描述他们的一些主张。现在，五名保守派人士正以诽谤罪起诉他。文章源自西贝博客-https://qinghe.me/why-do-japanese-conservatives-refuse-to-recognize-the-comfort-women-issue.html

5.claim

• n. 主张, 断言
• 要求

来看一个来自华盛顿邮报的例子：

• The Vatican’s criminal prosecutors have requested the indictment of a priest accused of abusing an altar boy at a youth seminary steps away from St. Peter’s Basilica — a rare case involving claims of abuse within the city-state’s walls.— Washington Post, "The Vatican seeks to indict two priests in abuse case within its walls," 18 Sep. 2019
• 梵蒂冈刑事检察官要求控告一名神父，他在圣彼得教堂外的一个青年神学院里虐待一个祭坛上的男孩。这是一个罕见的案件，涉及到在该国政府的围墙内虐待儿童的指控。

这里注意区分：单词“claim”做动词时与“ask, beg, demand, require, request, implore, pray, entreat”的区别。

The conservatives whom he interviewed in the movie are part of a group that has influence at the highest levels of the Japanese government. They have helped shape what Japanese children are taught, what works of art can be shown, and, perhaps most significantly, how Japan conducts important aspects of its foreign policy, most notably with South Korea.
他在电影中采访的保守派人士属于一个在日本政府最高层具有影响力的群体。他们参与构建了日本儿童所受的教育，决定什么艺术作品可以展出，或许最重要的是，他们还参与塑造日本外交政策的重要方面，尤其是对韩国的外交政策。

Any reference to the women can raise the conservatives’ ire. Last month, organizers of an international art fair in Nagoya closed an exhibition after receiving terrorist threats ⁶ over a statue symbolizing ⁷ one of the Korean comfort women.
任何涉及这些女性的言论都可能激起保守派的愤怒。上个月，名古屋一场国际艺博会上的一尊象征韩国慰安妇的雕像招致恐怖主义威胁，组织者被迫关闭了一场展览。

6.threats

来看一个来自洛杉矶时报的例子：

• Many of us who are not white have experiences of being under threat.— Sarah Parvini, Los Angeles Times, "Family separation and refugee cap reinvigorate Jews’ activist roots: ‘We’ve always been immigrants’," 17 Sep. 2019
• 我们中许多不是白人的人都有受到威胁的经历。

这里注意区分：单词“threats”作名词时与danger, hazard, imminence, menace, peril, pitfall, risk, trouble的区别。

7.symbolizing

• n. 符号；象征；标志

来看一个来自纽约时报的例子：

• In 1841, life expectancy in Britain was around 40 for men and 42 for women, and its rise through improvements in infant mortality, sanitation, nutrition and medical care became a symbol of progress.— Stephen Castle, New York Times, "Shortchanged: Why British Life Expectancy Is Falling," 30 Aug. 2019
• 1841，英国的预期寿命约为男子40岁，妇女为42岁，婴儿死亡率、卫生设施、营养和医疗保健方面的提高，成为进步的象征。

这里注意区分：单词“symbol”作为动词用时，与badge, sign, signal, mark, token, attribute, emblem的区别。

用影片“回看”那段历史

Mr. Dezaki, his supporters and outside historians say the lawsuit over his film shows how nationalists seek to silence those who challenge them, while at the same time using any outlet they can to spread views that run counter even to an official 1993 Japanese government apology to the comfort ⁸ women.
出崎、他的支持者以及外界的历史学家认为，围绕他影片的诉讼表明，民族主义者想要让所有挑战他们的人不能发声，同时他们使用一切可能手段在传播的说法，甚至与1993年日本政府向慰安妇的正式道歉都是相抵触的。

8.comfort

• n. 安慰；舒适；安慰者
• vt. 安慰；使（痛苦等）缓和

来看一个自来国家地理杂志的例子：

• Back in Guatemala, Felipe’s 22-year-old half-sister Catarina comforted her sobbing father over the phone and cooked hundreds of tortillas for the wake.— Natalie Keyssar, National Geographic, "How this quiet region in Guatemala became the epicenter of migration," 26 July 2019
• 回到危地马拉，飞利浦的22岁非血缘关系的妹妹卡塔丽娜通过电话安慰了她浑身湿透的爸爸并给他做了很多薄的玉米饼等他醒来。

这里注意区分：当“comfort”作为动词用时，与console, ease, soothe, relieve的区别。

“The overarching theme of the film is, why do they want to erase this history?” the 36-year-old Mr. Dezaki said.
“这部电影的主题是，他们为什么要抹去这段历史？”36岁的出崎说。

The 1993 apology has been a festering wound for those on the political right, including Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who have insisted that the Korean women were not sex slaves because there is no proof that they were physically forced into the brothels.
1993年的道歉对日本政治右翼来说是一个不断恶化的伤口，这其中包括日本首相安倍晋三（Shinzo Abe），他曾坚称这些韩国女性不是性奴，因为没有证据表明她们是被迫进入妓院的。

Diplomatic, economic and security ties between Japan and South Korea have reached their lowest point in years, a rupture ⁹ that can be traced to the long-raging dispute over what Japan still owes for abuses committed during its colonial occupation of the Korean Peninsula, including its treatment of the comfort women.
日本和韩国之间的外交、经济和安全关系已达到多年来的最低点，这一破裂源起于一场激烈的争议，即日本如今应为殖民占领朝鲜半岛期间的恶行承担什么样的责任，其中也包括对待慰安妇的行为。

9.rupture

• n. 破裂；决裂；疝气
• vi. 破裂；发疝气
• vt. 使破裂；断绝；发生疝

来看一个来自财富杂志的例子：

• The rupture came at an awkward time for WarnerMedia, which has just expanded Tsujihara’s role at the global conglomerate.— Jake Coyle, Fortune, "WarnerMedia Chief Makes a Surprise Hire for Warner Bros. CEO: a Television Executive," 24 June 2019
• 破裂对华纳传媒来说是一个尴尬的时刻，它刚刚扩大了Tsujihara在全球集团的角色。

The conservatives have generally avoided the kind of reckoning that Germany has undergone in atoning for the Holocaust, as they argue that the actions of Japan during the war were no worse than those of other nations, and should not damage national pride ¹⁰.
保守派一般都回避德国在为大屠杀赎罪时所进行的那种清算，他们辩称，这是因为日本在战争期间的行为并不比其他国家更糟糕，不应损害民族自豪感。

10. pride

• n. 骄傲；自豪；自尊心
• vt. 使得意，以…自豪
• vi. 自豪

来看一个来自大西洋月刊的例子：

• Discussing People magazine’s recent choice of Lupita Nyong’o as the most beautiful woman in the world, Jones dug into the beauty standards that society often applies to black women, and into her pride and insecurities about her own self-image.— David Sims, The Atlantic, "Saturday Night Live," 7 Sep. 2019
• 在谈到《人物》杂志最近选择卢皮塔·尼昂奥为世界上最美丽的女性时，琼斯深入探讨了社会对黑人女性通常适用的美貌标准，以及她对自身形象的骄傲和不安全感。

这里注意区分：当“pride”作为动词使用时，与boast, brag, crow的区别。

Many of the most vocal right-wing critics of the mainstream view of comfort women are older Japanese, but a younger cadre of social-media-savvy activists regularly pounce ¹¹ on those who describe the women as sex slaves.
许多直接批评慰安妇问题主流观点的右翼人士都是年纪较大的日本人，但在年轻一代善用社交媒体的日本人中也有一群活动人士，一见到有人称慰安妇为性奴就会发起抨击。

1. pounce

• vi. 突然袭击, 猛扑
• 一眼看出；抓住机会(进行抨击)
• n. 突然的袭击, 猛扑的动作

关联例子：

• As soon as I opened my mouth, the teacher pounced on me.
• 我一张嘴就被老师抓住呵斥了。

“It is an issue that people get wild-eyed over,” said Jennifer Lind, an associate professor of government at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire and a specialist in Japanese war memory.
“这个问题会让人很激动，”新罕布什尔州达特茅斯学院（Dartmouth College）政府学副教授、研究日本战争回忆的珍妮弗·林德（Jennifer Lind）说。

She said passions also run strong in South Korea, where activists accept no deviations from the narrative that the women were brutally enslaved. In 2015, a court ordered a South Korean scholar to redact numerous ¹²  passages from a book that suggested that the relationship between soldiers and the comfort women was more complex.
她说，这个问题在韩国也会引发激烈的情绪，活动人士不接受任何偏离女性被残酷奴役的说法。2015年，一家法院命令一名韩国学者对其书中的许多段落进行修改，书中暗示，士兵和慰安妇之间的关系并没有那么简单。

1. numerous

• adj. 很多的, 许多的

来看一个来自纽约客杂志的例子：

• The Latino electorate is younger, more numerous, and more diverse than ever before, with largely progressive views on health-care and social-justice issues.— Jonathan Blitzer, The New Yorker, "The Fight for the Latino Vote in Florida," 16 Sep. 2019
• 拉美裔选民比以往任何时候都年轻，人数更多，而且更加多样化，对医疗保健和社会正义问题的看法基本上是进步的。

这里注意区分：单词“numerous”和单词legion, many, multifold, multiple, multiplex, multitudinous的区别。

Mr. Dezaki’s two-hour documentary, “Shusenjo: The Main Battleground of the Comfort Women Issue,” has been shown commercially in Japan and South Korea and will be shown on college campuses in the United States this fall.
出崎的这部两小时的纪录片《主战场》（Shusenjo: The Main battle of The Comfort Women Issue）已经在日本和韩国上映，并将于今年秋天在美国的大学校园上映。

When he began his research, Mr. Dezaki, a second-generation Japanese-American who grew up in Florida and learned little about the comfort women from his Japanese immigrant parents, said he wondered whether historical accounts in the Western news media “had gotten it wrong somehow.”
出崎是第二代日裔美国人，在佛罗里达州长大，从他的日本移民父母那里，他没有得到多少对慰安妇的认识，而他想知道，西方新闻媒体中对这段历史的叙述是不是“存在什么谬误”。

搬上荧屏的“故事”

To understand the mainstream view, he interviewed historians, advocates and lawyers who described their evidence. Documents have proved the Japanese military’s direct role in managing the brothels, and hundreds of women have described harrowing conditions in so-called comfort stations.
为了理解主流观点，他采访了历史学家、倡导者和律师，他们给出了自己的证据。有文件资料证明日本军方在妓院管理方面发挥着直接作用，数百名女性描述了所谓慰安所的悲惨状况。

But the mainstream experts Mr. Dezaki interviewed were also open about the lack of direct proof that the Japanese military physically abducted the women — a fact that the conservatives seize on — and forthright ¹³ about the wide-ranging estimates of the numbers of women involved.
但是，接受采访的主流专家也明确表示，没有直接证据证明日本军方实际诱拐了这些女性——保守派抓住了这一事实——而且他们坦言，对慰安妇人数的估计存在很大差异。

1. forthright

• adj. 直率的, 直截了当的; 明确的

来看一个来自经济学人杂志的例子：

• The lyrics were forthright and relatable, analysing relationships, upbraiding male privilege and condemning the worst of rock’s chauvinist clichés.— M.j., The Economist, "Twenty-five years later, Sleater-Kinney are still making vital music," 16 Aug. 2019
• 歌词直截了当，可以转述，分析人际关系，谴责男性特权，谴责摇滚最坏的沙文主义陈词滥调。

这里注意区分：单词“forthright”和单词 direct, frank, free-spoken, freehearted, honest的区别。

In the film, Mr. Dezaki highlights a 1944 American Army document, cited by the conservatives, in which 20 Korean comfort women interviewed in Burma are described as “nothing more than” prostitutes who were “attached to the Japanese Army for the benefit ¹⁴ of the soldiers.” That same document says the women were recruited under “false pretenses.”
出崎在影片中着重讲述了一份1944年的美国陆军文件，这份被保守派引为证据的文件形容20名在缅甸接受问询的韩国慰安妇“无非是”一些妓女，“作为给士兵的福利而随军。”同一份文件称，这些女性是以“欺骗手段”被招进军中的。

1. benefit

• vt. & vi. 有益于, 得益
• n. 益处, 好处
• 救济金, 保险金

来看一个来自大西洋月刊的例子：

• There is no doubt that Orry would benefit from high-quality face-to-face instruction from a caring and conscientious English professor.— Paul Tough, The Atlantic, "The Myth of the Wealthy Welder," 13 Sep. 2019
• 毫无疑问，奥里将受益于一位细心而认真的英语教授的高质量面对面教学。

这里注意区分：单词“benefit”和“advantage, interest, favour, profit, gain”的区别。

Yoshiaki Yoshimi, a retired history professor who uncovered key documents describing the military’s management of the brothels, said that by “denying one point,” the conservatives “seek to deny the big picture.”
退休历史教授吉见义明（Yoshiaki Yoshimi）发现了描述日军管理军妓院的关键文件，他表示，通过“否认这一点”，保守派“试图否认一切”。

Much of the film dwells ¹⁵ on the nature of coercion. In the end, Mr. Dezaki said, he was persuaded by the scholars who say the women were forced or deceived into providing sex to soldiers against their will. In the movie, he concludes that to remember the comfort women is to fight “against racism, sexism and fascism.”
影片大部分情节着眼于强迫的性质。出崎在片尾称，他被学者说服，他们称这些女性是被强迫或欺骗，违背她们的意愿为士兵提供性服务。他在片中作结称，对慰安妇的铭记，就是“对种族主义、性别歧视和法西斯主义”的反抗。

15.dwell

• vi. 居住, 住

来看一个来自洛杉矶时报的例子：

• One benefit of having so much youth, Kelly said, is that the players don’t dwell on defeats and are constantly looking ahead to their next game.— Ben Bolch, Los Angeles Times, "UCLA’s struggles will be a national spectacle against Oklahoma," 13 Sep. 2019
• 凯莉说，拥有这么多年轻人的一个好处是，球员们不会在失败中挣扎，他们总是期待着下一场比赛。

这里注意区分：单词“dwell”和单词“reside, live, lodge, inhabit, settle”的区别。

“I did not defame them,” Mr. Dezaki said of the conservatives. “I made a film that documents the issue and the people involved.”
“我没有诋毁他们，”出崎谈及保守派时说。“我拍了一部影片记录这个问题，以及牵扯其中的人。”

He added: “Information is revealed in the film, and how the audience interprets this information is up to them.”
他还说：“片中披露了信息，至于观众如何解读这些信息，取决于他们。”

But those suing Mr. Dezaki say he is biased. “‘Revisionist’ is a word with the greatest malice,” said Nobukatsu Fujioka, vice president of the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform, whose business card reads “Let’s create Japanese who are proud!”
但起诉出崎的人称他存在偏见。“‘历史修正主义’是个有着最大恶意的词，”日本新历史教科书编纂会（Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform）副会长藤冈信胜（Nobukatsu Fujioka）说，他的名片上写着“让我们创造我们引以为豪的日本！”

众人皆有判断

Another plaintiff, Shunichi Fujiki, wrote in an email, “I believe this is a fight to clarify who is the one fabricating history.” He added that in the United States, liberals “label conservatives as ‘segregationists,’ ‘KKK!’ ‘the Nazis!’ ‘Hitlers!’ etc., but in actuality, the segregationists ¹⁶ they’re referring to are themselves.”
另一名原告藤木俊一（Shunichi Fujiki）在邮件中写道，“我认为这是一场澄清是谁捏造历史的抗争。”他还表示在美国，自由派“称保守派是‘种族隔离主义者’、‘3K党’、‘纳粹分子！’‘希特勒！’等，但实际上，他们所指的种族隔离主义者正是他们自己。”

1. segregationists

• n. 隔离主义者

来看一个来自国家评论杂志的例子：

• The leading Republican supporter was South Carolina senator Strom Thurmond, the longtime segregationist and opponent of civil liberties.— David B. Kopel, National Review, "Trump Must Not Break His Promises to Gun-Rights Supporters," 16 Aug. 2019
• 共和党的主要支持者是南卡罗来纳州参议员Strom Thurmond，他长期以来一直是隔离主义者和公民自由的反对者。

Kent Gilbert, an American lawyer and celebrity television commentator who has lived in Japan for more than 30 years, said that the film did not misrepresent ¹⁷ his views, but that it was “a propaganda hit piece.” The comfort women, he said, were just prostitutes.
在日本生活30余年的美国律师、知名电视评论员肯特·吉尔伯特（Kent Gilbert）表示，影片没有歪曲他的观点，但影片是个“政治宣传工具”。他表示慰安妇就是妓女。

17.misrepresent

• vt. 故意对…作错误的报道
• n. 误传

来看一个来自科学美国人的例子：

• At his congressional hearing, Moore testified alongside Marc Morano, who works for the conservative Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow and has a blog that misrepresents and attacks climate science.— Scott Waldman, Scientific American, "Climate Deniers Launch Personal Attacks on Teen Activist," 9 Aug. 2019
• 在他的国会听证会上，摩尔与马克·莫拉诺一起作证，莫拉诺为保守党委员会工作，为明天的建设性会议工作，并有一个博客歪曲和攻击气候科学。

这里注意区分：单词“misrepresent”作动词用时，和“misinterpret, misrelate, misstate”的区别。

“Everybody knows that,” he said. “If you want to see prostitutes, look for the Koreans. My land, they’ve got prostitutes all over the world.”
“人人都知道，”他说。“你要想找妓女，找韩国人。我的天，满世界都是他们的妓女。”

In addition to defamation, the lawsuit accuses Mr. Dezaki and Tofoo Films, the distributor, of breach of contract, saying the plaintiffs agreed to be interviewed only for his graduate thesis, not a commercial film. The plaintiffs are demanding compensation and a suspension of all public screenings.
除诋毁外，这起诉讼还指控出崎和发行公司东风影业（Tofoo Films）违约，称原告仅同意为出崎的毕业作业接受采访，而非一部商业片。原告要求赔偿，并暂停所有公映。

All of the interviewees signed release forms giving Mr. Dezaki full editorial control and copyright, said Makoto Iwai, a lawyer who is representing Mr. Dezaki and the film’s distributor. The New York Times reviewed two versions of the release.
出崎和发行商的代理律师岩井真（Makoto Iwai，音）表示，受访者均签署了授权协议书，给予出崎完全的编辑控制权和版权。《纽约时报》查看了两个版本的授权协议书。

Koichi Nakano, a political scientist at Sophia University in Tokyo who was one of Mr. Dezaki’s professors and appears in the movie, said he believed that the plaintiffs ¹⁸ were looking for a reason to bring a suit because the film’s “interpretation doesn’t fit entirely what they like.”
在片中出镜、曾为出崎的教授的东京上智大学（Sophia University）政治学者中野晃一（Koichi Nakano）表示，他认为原告是在找理由提起诉讼，因为影片的“诠释不完全符合他们的意愿”。

18.plaintiffs

• n. <律>原告

来看一个来自纽约时报的例子：

• Last week, thousands of plaintiffs reached a tentative deal with Purdue Pharma — which developed and marketed the addictive painkiller OxyContin — and its owners, the Sackler family.— New York Times, "This Week in Business: E-Cigarettes Take a Hit, and Gig Workers Get Good News," 15 Sep. 2019
• 上周，数千名原告与及萨克勒家族所属普渡制药公司达成了初步协议，该公司开发并销售了瘾性止痛药OxChutin。

这里注意区分：英语单词“plaintiffs”和defendant, complainant, suer的区别。

Audiences in Japan and South Korea have said the film helped them understand the comfort women controversy in a new way. At a showing in Seoul at Sogang University late last month, Chae Min-jin, 26, said she “realized that we Koreans didn’t really know the context and the logic in which the right-wingers in Japan asserted ¹⁹ themselves after all.”
日本和韩国观众表示，影片有助于他们以新的方式理解慰安妇争议问题。上月底在首尔延世大学（Yonsei University）的一次放映会上，现年26岁的蔡敏珍（Chae Min-jin，音）表示，她“认识到我们韩国人终归并不真正了解日本右翼分子固执己见的背景和逻辑”。

19.asserted

• adj. 宣称的(尚待证实的)的

来看一个来自纽约客杂志的例子：

• The memorial’s knife remains on display, next to a thirty-eight-page binder of documents asserting its provenance.— Brooke Jarvis, The New Yorker, "Who Speaks for Crazy Horse?," 16 Sep. 2019
• 纪念馆的刀仍在展出，紧贴着138页的装订文件，宣称它的出处。

In Japan, some audience members said the movie revealed information unavailable in their history textbooks. Tsubasa Hirose, a freelance copywriter, wrote on her movie-reviewing blog that she had always thought comfort women “treated people at the hospital, like nurses.”
日本一些观众表示，影片披露了他们历史教科书中所没有的信息。从事文案工作的自由职业者广濑翼（Tsubasa Hirose，音）在她的影评博客中写道，她一直都以为慰安妇“是在医院照看人，就像护士”。

“I didn’t know anything,” she wrote, “and I wasn’t given any opportunity to.”
“我一点都不了解，”她写道，“也没有任何机会去了解。”

Mr. Dezaki said he did not consider the debate closed.
出崎称他认为争论没有结束。

“My conclusion is not final,” he said. “I don’t know everything. I feel like I can defend my conclusion based off what I know.” But, he added, “I’m always aware that there’s a possibility that one of the factors in my argument ²⁰ might not hold.”
“我的结论不是最终的，”他说。“我并非全都了解。我觉得我可以基于我所知道的为我的结论辩护。”不过他也表示，“我一直都清楚，在我的论点中，也许会有某个因素是站不住脚的。”

1. argument

• n. 争吵；论据；内容提要；论证

来看一个来自华盛顿邮报的例子：

• In certain respects, Barrick’s arguments are valid.— Washington Post, "Barrick Swings Hard for Newmont - Maybe Too Hard," 18 Sep. 2019
• 在有些方面，巴里克的论据是有效的。

更多纽约时报双语阅读文章，请浏览：

双语阅读：美国众议院将启动对特朗普的弹劾调查

双语阅读：科学研究发现，边听音乐边工作阻碍创造力

纽约时报双语阅读：少玩会手机，你可能会活的久一点

纽约时报双语阅读：“手机里的恶魔”？硅谷父母对电子产品说不